| AT&T
/ Bell Labs |
William Shockley left
Bell Labs to form Shockley Semiconductor with backing from Beckman
Instruments |
Fairchild
Semiconductor |
"Traitorous
Eight" from Shockley Semiconductor: Julius Blank, Victor Grinich,
Jean Hoerni, Gene Kleiner, Jay Last, Gordon Moore, Robert Noyce, and
Sheldon Roberts |